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GRADE: 8, Middle (6-8)
TIME: 7-10 Days

OVERVIEW: Students will further evaluate factors that affect the motion of an object. In this lesson, students will analyze the relationship between the force, mass, and acceleration. The primary focus of…

DISCIPLINE: Physical Sciences

VIEW LESSON

8-GA-MS-3.c – Inertia: Heavier Object Require More Force to Accelerate

Earth and Space Sciences
Engineering, Technology and Applications of Science
Life Sciences
Physical Sciences

Pre-K
Elementary (K-5)
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Highschool (9-12)
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Earth & Space Science
-Earth's Systems
-Earth’s Systems: Processes That Shape the Earth
-History of Earth
-Human Impacts
-Human Sustainability
-Space Systems
-Space Systems: Patterns and Cycles
-Space Systems: Stars and the Solar System
-Weather and Climate
Engineering Design
Life Science
-Growth, Development, and Reproduction of Organisms
-Inheritance and Variation of Traits
-Interdependent Relationships in Ecosystems
-Interdependent Relationships in Ecosystems: Animals, Plants, and Their Environment
-Matter and Energy in Organisms and Ecosystems
-Natural Selection and Adaptations
-Natural Selection and Evolution
-Structure and Function
-Structure, Function and Information Processing
Physical Science
-Chemical Reactions
-Energy
-Forces and Interactions
-Forces and Interactions: Pushes and Pulls
-Structure and Properties of Matter
-Waves and Electromagnetic Radiation
-Waves: Light and Sound
-Waves: Waves and Information

Georgia
-Earth Science
--SKE1. Day and Night Sky Patterns and Objects
---SKE1.a. Changes in the Sky
---SKE1.b. Classifying Objects in the Sky
---SKE1.c. Heat and Light on Earth
--SKE2. Physical Attributes of Rocks and Soils
---SKE2.a. Observe and Group Rocks
---SKE2.b. Observe Soils
---SKE2.c. Recognize Earth Materials
--S1E1. Patterns in Weather and Climate Data
---a. Types of Weather
---b. Investigate Weather
---c. Correlate Weather Data to Seasonal Changes
--S1E2. Physical Properties of Water within Weather
---a. Change in Water
---b. Identify Forms of Precipitation
---c. Weight of Water
---d. Explanation of Evaporation
--S2E1. Stars
---a. Physical Attributes of Stars
--S2E2. Yearly Patterns of the Sun and the Moon
---a. Position of the Sun
---b. Movement of Shadows
---c. Day and Night Length based on Season Change
---d. Record the Shape of the Moon
--S2E3. Causes of Changes in Surroundings
---a. Identifying Effects on Specific Areas
--S3E1. Physical Attributes of Rocks and Soils
---a. Differentiate Between Rocks and Minerals
---b. Observe Physical Attributes of Rocks and Minerals
---c. Observe Similarities and Differences in Top Soil
---d. Observation and Research How Water and Wind Affect Rocks and Soil
--S3E2. Fossils
---a. Investigate Fossils through Observation
---b. Formation of Fossils
--S4E1. Physical Attributes of Stars and Planets
---a. Recognize Physical Attributes of Stars
---b. Compare and Contrast Stars and Planets
---c. Compare and Contrast Movement of Stars and Planets
---d. Use of Technology in Space Observation
--S4E2. Earth and the Moon in the Solar System
---a. Model Day/Night Cycle of Earth
---b. Moon Phase Sequences
---c. Movement of Earth and Seasonal Change
---d. Scale and Order of Solar System
--S4E3. States of Water in the Water Cycle and Weather
---a. Changes of States of Water
---b. Temperatures of States of Water
---c. Cloud Formation
---d. Water Cycle
---e. Precipitation and Sky Formations
--S4E4. Data Analysis to Predict and Infer Weather
---a. Identify and Explain Weather Instruments
---b. Using a Weather Map
---c. Use Weather Condition Observations and Records to Predict Weather Patterns
---d. Differentiate between Weather and Climate
--S5E1. Constructive and Destructive Processes on the Earth’s Surface
---a. Identify Surface Features Caused by Constructive Processes.
---b. Identify Surface Features Caused by Destructive Processes.
---c. Technology and Human Intervention in the Control of Constructive and Destructive Processes.
--S6E1. Views of the Universe
---a. Basic Historical Scientific Models
---b. Position of the Solar System
---c. Compare/Contrast the Planets
---d. Motion of Objects
---e. Gravity
---f. Characteristics of Comets, Asteroids, and Meteors
--S6E2. The Earth, Moon and Sun
---a. Phases of the Moon
---b. Solar and Lunar Eclipses
---c. Distribution of Sunlight on Earth
--S6E3. Water in Earth Processes
---a. Water on Earth’s Surface
---b. Atmospheric Conditions and the Water Cycle
---c. Oceans
---d. Causes of Waves, Currents, and Tides
--S6E4. Distribution of Land and Oceans
---a. Heat Absorption and Loss on Land and in Water
---b. Unequal Heating of Land and Water and Weather Systems
---c. Moisture Evaporating and Weather Patterns
--S6E5. Formation of the Earth’s Surface
---a. Compare/Contrast Earth’s Internal Structure
---b. Contribution of Minerals to Rock Composition
---c. Formation Process of Rocks
---d. Surface and Rock Change Processes
---e. Lithosphere
---f. Physical Processes Effect Geological Features
---g. Fossils
---h. Soil
---i. Human Activity
---j. Conserving Natural Resources
--S6E6. Energy Sources
---a. The Sun
---b. Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources
--HS-ESS: Earth’s Systems
---HS-ESS2-2: Change to Earth's Surface
---HS-ESS2-3: Cycling of Matter by Thermal Convection
---HS-ESS2-5: Properties of Water
---HS-ESS2-6: Carbon Cycling
---HS-ESS2-7: Earth's Systems and Life on Earth
--HS-ESS: History of Earth
---HS-ESS1-5: Theory of Plate Tectonics
---HS-ESS1-6: Earth’s Formation
---HS-ESS2-1: Earth’s Internal and Surface Processes
--HS-ESS: Space Systems
---HS-ESS1-1: The Sun
---HS-ESS1-2: Big Bang Theory
---HS-ESS1-3: Element Production in Stars.
---HS-ESS1-4: Orbiting Objects
-Life Science
--SKL1. Classifying Organisms and Materials by Physical Attributes
---SKL1.a. Differentiate Between Living and Nonliving Organisms
---SKL1.b. Group Animals Based on Observable Features
---SKL1.c. Group Plants Based on Observable Features
--SKL2. Compare and Contrast Groups of Organisms
---SKL2.a. Explain Similarities and Differences in Animals
---SKL2.b. Explain Similarities and Differences in Plants
---SKL2.c. Compare/Contrast a Parent and a Baby
---SKL2.d. Match Parents and Their Offspring
---SKL2.e. Recognize Similar and Different Students
--S1L1. Basic Properties of Plants and Animals.
---a. Basic Needs of a Plant
---b. Basic Needs of an Animal
---c. Parts of a Plant
---d. Compare and Describe Various Animals
--S2L1. Life Cycles of Living Organisms.
---a. Life Cycle of Common Animals
---b. Relate Seasonal Changes to Tree Changes
---c. Investigate the Life Cycle of a Plant
---d. Identify Fungi as Living Organisms
--S3L1. Organisms and their Habitats
---a. Differentiate between Georgian Habitats and Their Organisms
---b. Identify Georgian Plants
---c. Identify Georgian Animals
---d. Changing the Habitat of an Organism
--S3L2. Humans and the Environment
---a. Effects of Pollution on Habitats
---b. Environmental Protection
--S4L1. Organisms and Energy Flow Within an Ecosystem.
---a. Identify Roles within a Community
---b. Food Web/Food Chain
---c. Environmental Changes Effect on Ecosystems
---d. Plant and Animal Abundance in an Ecosystem
--S4L2. Survival or Extinction of Organisms
---a. Helpful External Features
---b. Factors Leading to Extinction
--S5L1. Organism Classification
---a. Classifying Animals and Vertebrates
---b. Classifying Plants
--S5L2. Inherited Traits and Learned Behaviors.
---a. Compare/Contrast Learned Behaviors and Inherited Traits
---b. Genes
--S5L3. Cell Diagraming and Labeling
---a. Magnifying Cells
---b. Identify Plant and Animals Cell Parts
---c. Compare/Contrast Multi-Celled and Single-Celled Organisms
--S5L4. Microorganisms
---a. Beneficial Microorganisms
---b. Harmful Microorganisms
--S7L1. Organism Diversity
---a. Dichotomous Key Development
---b. Classify Organisms Using a Dichotomous Key
--S7L2. Cells, Tissues, Organs, and Organ Systems
---a. Cell Nutrient Intake
---b. Cell Structures
---c. Human Body Organ System
--S7L3. Biological Traits
---a. Role of Genes and Chromosomes
---b. Compare/Contrast Asexually and Sexually Reproducing Organisms
---c. Selective Breeding
--S7L4. Organism Dependence
---a. Matter in the Food Web
---b. Energy in the Food Web
---c. Environmental Conditions Affect Organism Survival
---d. Relationships between Organisms
---e. Terrestrial Biomes and Aquatic Communities
--S7L5. Evolution
---a. Changing Physical Characteristics
---b. Natural Selection
---c. Fossil Records
--HS-LS: Structure and Function
---HS-LS1-1: DNA Structure
---HS-LS1-2: Interacting Systems in Multi-Celled Organisms
---HS-LS1-3: Homeostasis
--HS-LS: Natural Selection and Evolution
---HS-LS4-1: Evidence of Evolution
---HS-LS4-2: Process of Evolution
---HS-LS4-3: Explain Organism Survival
---HS-LS4-4: Natural Selection
---HS-LS4-5: Changes in the Environment
--HS-LS: Inheritance and Variation of Traits
---HS-LS1-4: Cell Division
---HS-LS3-1: Coding Instructions for Traits
---HS-LS3-3: Expressed Traits
--HS-LS: Interdependent Relationships in Ecosystems
---HS-LS2-1: Carrying Capacity
---HS-LS2-2: Biodiversity and Populations
---HS-LS2-6: Complex Interactions
---HS-LS2-7: Reducing Human Impact
---HS-LS2-8: Group Behavior
---HS-LS4-6: Test a Solution to Reduce Human Impact
--HS-LS: Matter and Energy in Organisms and Ecosystems
---HS-LS1-5: Photosynthesis
---HS-LS1-6: Amino Acids
---HS-LS1-7: Cellular Respiration
---HS-LS2-3: Aerobic and Anaerobic Cycling of Matter and Energy
---HS-LS2-4: Cycling of Matter and Flow of Energy among Organisms
---HS-LS2-5: Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration in Carbon Cycle
-Physical Science
--SKP1. Materials and their Physical Properties
---SKP1.a. Compare and Sort Materials of Different Composition
---SKP1.b. Classify Common Materials Based on Physical Attributes
--SKP2. Types of Motion
---SKP2.a. Sort Objects Based on Motion
---SKP2.b. Push, Pull, and Roll
--SKP3. Effects of Gravity
---SKP3.a. Recognize What Earth’s Gravity Affects
---SKP3.b. Recognize What Earth’s Gravity Doesn’t Affect
---SKP3.c. Properties of Gravity
--S1P1. Light and Sound
---a. Sources of Light
---b. Shadows
---c. Vibrations Producing Sound
---d. Differentiate Various Sounds
---e. Identify Emergency Sounds
--S1P2. Effects of Magnets
---a. Magnets Attract and Repel
---b. Common Objects Attracted to Magnets
---c. Objects and Materials that Don’t Block Magnetic Force
--S2P1. Properties of and Changes in Matter
---a. Identify Common States of Matter
---b. Changes in Objects
--S2P2. Sources and Uses of Energy
---a. Identify Sources of Energy
---b. Uses of Energy
--S2P3. Speed and Direction Affected by Pushes and Pulls
---a. Pushing and Pulling Affects Nature
---b. Effects of Changes of Speed
--S3P1. Heating and Cooling
---a. Categorize Heat Energy Production Methods
---b. Insulation
---c. Heat Energy Transfer from the Sun
---d. Measure Changes in Water Temperature over Time
--S3P2. Magnets
---a. Investigate Common Objects Attracted to Magnets
---b. Investigate Magnet Interaction
--S4P1. The Nature of Light
---a. Identify Transparent, Opaque, and Translucent Materials
---b. Investigate Light Reflection
---c. Physical Attributes of Lens and Prisms
--S4P2. Producing and Varying Sound by Vibration
---a. Sound Production
---b. Conditions Affecting Pitch
--S4P3. The Effect of Force on Objects
---a. Simple Machines
---b. Observe How Force Affects Speed and Motion
---c. Additional Forces Affect Speed and Direction
---d. Gravitational Force
--S5P1. Objects and Mass
---a. Determining Mass
---b. Necessity of Magnification
--S5P2. Physical and Chemical Changes
---a. Examples of Physical Change.
---b. Changes in State of Water
---c. Chemical Reactions
--S5P3. Electricity and Magnetism
---a. Static Electricity
---b. Electric Circuit
---c. Insulators or Conductors
---d. Bar magnets and Electromagnet
--S8P1. Matter
---a. Atoms and Molecules
---b. Pure Substances and Mixtures
---c. Movement of Particles
---d. Physical and Chemical Properties of Matter
---e. Physical and Chemical Changes of Matter
---f. Elements
---g. Law of Conservation of Matter
--S8P2. Forms and Transformations of Energy.
---a. Energy Transformation
---b. Potential and Kinetic Energy
---c. Forms of Energy
---d. Heat Transfer Through Atoms
--S8P3. Force, Mass, and the Motion of Objects
---a. Velocity and Acceleration
---b. Balanced and Unbalanced Forces
---c. Simple Machines
--S8P4. Sound and Electromagnetic Radiation
---a. Electromagnetic and Mechanical Waves
---b. Light Wave Manipulation
---c. Objects and Colors in the Human Eye
---d. Behavior of Waves
---e. Properties of Sound
---f. Parts of a Wave
--S8P5. Gravity, Electricity, and Magnetism
---a. Properties of Gravity
---b. Series and Parallel Circuits
---c. Electric Currents and Magnets
--HS-PS: Forces and Interactions
---HS-PS2-1: Newton’s Second Law of Motion
---HS-PS2-2: Momentum Conservation
---HS-PS2-3: Minimizes Force on a Macroscopic Object
---HS-PS2-4: Newton’s Law of Gravitation and Coulomb’s Law
---HS-PS2-5: Electric Currents and Magnetic Fields
--HS-PS: Energy
---HS-PS3-1: Energy Components in a System
---HS-PS3-2: Particles and Energy
---HS-PS3-3: Converting Energy
---HS-PS3-4: Thermal Energy Transfer
---HS-PS3-5: Electric and Magnetic Fields
--HS-PS: Waves and Electromagnetic Radiation
---HS-PS4-1: Relationships among Frequency, Wavelength and Speed of Waves
---HS-PS4-2: Digital Transmission and Data Storage
---HS-PS4-3: Electromagnetic Radiation
---HS-PS4-4: Absorption of Electromagnetic Radiation
---HS-PS4-5: Technological Devices
--HS-PS: Structure and Properties of Matter
---HS-PS1-1: Periodic Table
---HS-PS1-3: Electrical Forces between Substances
---HS-PS1-8: Nucleus Composition and Energy Release
---HS-PS2-6: Molecular-level Structure
--HS-PS: Chemical Reactions
---HS-PS1-2: Outcomes of Simple Chemical Reactions
---HS-PS1-4: Energy Release or Absorption
---HS-PS1-5: Rates of Reaction
---HS-PS1-6: Chemical Systems
---HS-PS1-7: Conservation of Mass
Georgia Standards of Excellence (GSE) DRAFT
-GSE Earth Science
--GSE SKE1. Obtain, evaluate, and communicate observations about time patterns (day to night and night to day) and objects (such as sun, moon, stars) in the day and night sky.
---GSE SKE1.a. Ask questions to classify objects according to those seen in the day sky, the night sky, and both.
---GSE SKE1.b. Develop a model to communicate with pictures and words the changes that occur in the sky during the day, as day turns into night, during the night, and as night turns into day
Montana

Earth and Space Science
-ESS1 Earth's Place in the Universe
--ESS1.A The Universe and Its Stars
--ESS1.B Earth and the Solar System
--ESS1.C The History of Planet Earth
-ESS2 Earth's Systems
--ESS2.A Earth Materials and Systems
--ESS2.B Plate Tectonics and Large-Scale System Interactions
--ESS2.C The Roles of Water in Earth’s Surface Processes
--ESS2.D Weather and Climate
--ESS2.E Biogeology
-ESS3 Earth and Human Activity
--ESS3.A Natural Resources
--ESS3.B Natural Hazards
--ESS3.C Human Impacts on Earth Systems
--ESS3.D Global Climate Change
Engineering Design
-ETS1 Engineering Design
--ETS1.A Defining and Delimiting Engineering Problems
--ETS1.B Developing Possible Solutions
--ETS1.C Optimizing the Design Solution
-ETS2A - Interdependence of Science, Engineering & Technology
-ETS2B - Influence of Science, Engineering & Technology on Society & the Natural World
Life Science
-LS1 From Molecules to Organisms: Structures and Processes
--LS1.A Structure and Function
--LS1.B Growth and Development of Organisms
--LS1.C Organization for Matter and Energy Flow in Organisms
--LS1.D Information Processing
-LS2 Ecosystems: Interactions, Energy, and Dynamics
--LS2.A Interdependent Relationships in Ecosystems
--LS2.B Cycles of Matter and Energy Transfer in Ecosystems
--LS2.C Ecosystem Dynamics, Functioning, and Resilience
--LS2.D Social Interactions and Group Behavior
-LS3 Heredity: Inheritance and Variation of Traits
--LS3.A Inheritance of Traits
--LS3.B Variation of Traits
-LS4 Biological Evolution: Unity and Diversity
--LS4.A Evidence of Common Ancestry and Diversity
--LS4.B Natural Selection
--LS4.C Adaptation
--LS4.D Biodiversity and Humans
Physical Science
-PS1 Matter and Its Interactions
--PS1.A Structure and Properties of Matter
--PS1.B Chemical Reactions
--PS1.C Nuclear Processes
-PS2 Motion and Stability: Forces and Interactions
--PS2.A Forces and Motion
--PS2.B Forces and Motion
--PS2.C Stability and Instability in Physical Systems
-PS3 Energy
--PS3.A Definitions of Energy
--PS3.B Conservation of Energy and Energy Transfer
--PS3.C Relationship Between Energy and Forces
--PS3.D Energy in Chemical Processes and Everyday Life
-PS4 Waves and Their Applications in Technologies for Information Transfer
--PS4.A Wave Properties
--PS4.B Electromagnetic Radiation
--PS4.C Information Technologies and Instrumentation

Analyzing & Interpreting Data
Asking Question/Defining Problems
Constructing Explanations & Designing Solutions
Data Analysis
Developing & Using Models
Engaging in Argument from Evidence
Investigations
Mathematics & Computational Thinking
Obtaining, Evaluating, Communicating Information
Planning & Carrying Out Investigations

Cause and Effect
Energy and Matter
Patterns
Scale, Proportion and Quantity
Stability and Change
Structure and Function
Systems and System Models